Implement enterprise-grade firewall management across your MacFleet deployment with automated security policies, advanced network protection, threat detection, and comprehensive compliance monitoring. This tutorial provides solutions for maintaining robust network security while ensuring regulatory compliance and operational efficiency.

Understanding macOS Firewall Management

macOS provides several firewall management tools and mechanisms:

• Application Firewall - Built-in firewall that blocks incoming connections
• socketfilterfw - Command-line tool for firewall configuration
• pfctl - Packet Filter control utility (advanced filtering)
• System Preferences - GUI firewall management interface
• Configuration Profiles - MDM-based firewall policy deployment

Basic Firewall Operations

Enable Firewall

#!/bin/bash

# Enable macOS firewall
sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/com.apple.alf globalstate -int 1

Disable Firewall

#!/bin/bash

# Disable macOS firewall
sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/com.apple.alf globalstate -int 0

Check Firewall Status

#!/bin/bash

# Check firewall status
/usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --getglobalstate

Enterprise Firewall Management System

Comprehensive Firewall Management Tool

#!/bin/bash

# MacFleet Enterprise Firewall Management Tool
# Advanced network security and compliance monitoring

# Configuration
CONFIG_FILE="/etc/macfleet/firewall_policy.conf"
LOG_FILE="/var/log/macfleet_firewall.log"
RULES_DIR="/Library/MacFleet/FirewallRules"
AUDIT_LOG="/var/log/macfleet_firewall_audit.log"

# Create directories
mkdir -p "$(dirname "$CONFIG_FILE")" "$(dirname "$LOG_FILE")" "$RULES_DIR" "$(dirname "$AUDIT_LOG")"

# Default firewall policy
cat > "$CONFIG_FILE" 2>/dev/null << 'EOF' || true
# MacFleet Enterprise Firewall Management Policy
# Version: 2.0

# Firewall Enforcement Settings
ENFORCE_FIREWALL_ENABLED=true
AUTO_ENABLE_ON_VIOLATION=true
BLOCK_ALL_INCOMING_DEFAULT=true
ALLOW_SIGNED_APPS=true
STEALTH_MODE_ENABLED=true

# Application Control
WHITELIST_SYSTEM_APPS=true
REQUIRE_APP_SIGNATURES=true
BLOCK_UNSIGNED_APPS=true
LOG_ALL_CONNECTIONS=true
AUTO_BLOCK_SUSPICIOUS_APPS=true

# Network Security Policies
BLOCK_PRIVATE_NETWORKS=false
ALLOW_APPLE_SERVICES=true
BLOCK_P2P_CONNECTIONS=true
MONITOR_OUTBOUND_CONNECTIONS=true
RATE_LIMIT_CONNECTIONS=true

# Advanced Security Features
INTRUSION_DETECTION=true
THREAT_INTELLIGENCE_ENABLED=true
GEO_BLOCKING_ENABLED=false
DLP_INSPECTION=true
MALWARE_DETECTION=true

# Compliance and Monitoring
COMPLIANCE_MONITORING=true
SECURITY_BASELINE_ENFORCEMENT=true
AUTOMATED_REPORTING=true
REAL_TIME_ALERTS=true
INCIDENT_RESPONSE=true

# Policy Templates
DEFAULT_SECURITY_PROFILE="corporate_high"
ALLOWED_PORTS="22,53,80,443,993,995"
BLOCKED_COUNTRIES=""
WHITELIST_DOMAINS="*.apple.com,*.icloud.com"

# Maintenance Settings
AUTO_UPDATE_RULES=true
BACKUP_CONFIGURATIONS=true
LOG_RETENTION_DAYS=90
PERFORMANCE_MONITORING=true
EOF

# Source configuration
source "$CONFIG_FILE" 2>/dev/null || true

# Logging function
log_action() {
    echo "$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') - $1" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"
}

# Audit logging function
audit_log() {
    local action="$1"
    local result="$2"
    local details="$3"
    echo "$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') - ACTION:$action RESULT:$result DETAILS:$details USER:$(whoami)" >> "$AUDIT_LOG"
}

# Get current firewall status
get_firewall_status() {
    echo "=== Current Firewall Status ==="
    
    # Check global firewall state
    local global_state
    global_state=$(/usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --getglobalstate 2>/dev/null | grep -o "enabled\|disabled")
    
    echo "Global Firewall State: $global_state"
    
    # Check stealth mode
    local stealth_mode
    stealth_mode=$(/usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --getstealthmode 2>/dev/null | grep -o "enabled\|disabled")
    
    echo "Stealth Mode: $stealth_mode"
    
    # Check logging state
    local logging_state
    logging_state=$(/usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --getloggingmode 2>/dev/null | grep -o "enabled\|disabled")
    
    echo "Logging: $logging_state"
    
    # Check block all mode
    local block_all
    block_all=$(/usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --getblockall 2>/dev/null | grep -o "enabled\|disabled")
    
    echo "Block All Incoming: $block_all"
    
    # Check allowed applications
    echo -e "\nAllowed Applications:"
    /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --listapps 2>/dev/null | grep "ALF" | head -10
    
    return 0
}

# Enable firewall with enterprise settings
enterprise_firewall_enable() {
    local security_profile="${1:-$DEFAULT_SECURITY_PROFILE}"
    
    echo "=== Enabling Enterprise Firewall ==="
    echo "Security Profile: $security_profile"
    
    # Enable global firewall
    log_action "Enabling global firewall"
    if sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/com.apple.alf globalstate -int 1; then
        echo "✅ Global firewall enabled"
        audit_log "FIREWALL_ENABLE" "SUCCESS" "Global firewall activated"
    else
        echo "❌ Failed to enable global firewall"
        audit_log "FIREWALL_ENABLE" "FAILED" "Global firewall activation failed"
        return 1
    fi
    
    # Configure based on security profile
    case "$security_profile" in
        "corporate_high")
            configure_high_security_profile
            ;;
        "corporate_standard")
            configure_standard_security_profile
            ;;
        "developer")
            configure_developer_profile
            ;;
        "kiosk")
            configure_kiosk_profile
            ;;
        *)
            echo "Unknown security profile, using standard configuration"
            configure_standard_security_profile
            ;;
    esac
    
    # Enable stealth mode if required
    if [[ "$STEALTH_MODE_ENABLED" == "true" ]]; then
        enable_stealth_mode
    fi
    
    # Enable logging if required
    if [[ "$LOG_ALL_CONNECTIONS" == "true" ]]; then
        enable_firewall_logging
    fi
    
    # Apply application rules
    configure_application_rules
    
    echo "✅ Enterprise firewall configuration completed"
    log_action "Enterprise firewall enabled with profile: $security_profile"
    
    return 0
}

# Configure high security profile
configure_high_security_profile() {
    echo "=== Configuring High Security Profile ==="
    
    # Block all incoming connections by default
    sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setblockall on 2>/dev/null
    
    # Enable stealth mode
    sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setstealthmode on 2>/dev/null
    
    # Disable automatic allow for signed apps
    sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setallowsigned off 2>/dev/null
    
    # Block all unsigned applications
    sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setallowsignedapp off 2>/dev/null
    
    echo "High security profile configured"
    log_action "High security firewall profile applied"
}

# Configure standard security profile
configure_standard_security_profile() {
    echo "=== Configuring Standard Security Profile ==="
    
    # Allow essential incoming connections
    sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setblockall off 2>/dev/null
    
    # Enable stealth mode
    sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setstealthmode on 2>/dev/null
    
    # Allow signed applications
    if [[ "$ALLOW_SIGNED_APPS" == "true" ]]; then
        sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setallowsigned on 2>/dev/null
    fi
    
    echo "Standard security profile configured"
    log_action "Standard security firewall profile applied"
}

# Configure developer profile
configure_developer_profile() {
    echo "=== Configuring Developer Profile ==="
    
    # Allow more permissive settings for development
    sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setblockall off 2>/dev/null
    sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setstealthmode off 2>/dev/null
    sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setallowsigned on 2>/dev/null
    sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setallowsignedapp on 2>/dev/null
    
    # Add common development tools
    local dev_apps=(
        "/Applications/Xcode.app"
        "/Applications/Visual Studio Code.app"
        "/Applications/Docker.app"
        "/usr/bin/ssh"
        "/usr/bin/python3"
    )
    
    for app in "${dev_apps[@]}"; do
        if [[ -e "$app" ]]; then
            sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --add "$app" 2>/dev/null
            sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --unblock "$app" 2>/dev/null
        fi
    done
    
    echo "Developer profile configured"
    log_action "Developer firewall profile applied"
}

# Configure kiosk profile
configure_kiosk_profile() {
    echo "=== Configuring Kiosk Profile ==="
    
    # Maximum security for kiosk devices
    sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setblockall on 2>/dev/null
    sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setstealthmode on 2>/dev/null
    sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setallowsigned off 2>/dev/null
    sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setallowsignedapp off 2>/dev/null
    
    # Only allow essential system applications
    local kiosk_apps=(
        "/System/Library/CoreServices/Finder.app"
        "/Applications/Safari.app"
    )
    
    for app in "${kiosk_apps[@]}"; do
        if [[ -e "$app" ]]; then
            sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --add "$app" 2>/dev/null
            sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --unblock "$app" 2>/dev/null
        fi
    done
    
    echo "Kiosk profile configured"
    log_action "Kiosk firewall profile applied"
}

# Enable stealth mode
enable_stealth_mode() {
    echo "=== Enabling Stealth Mode ==="
    
    if sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setstealthmode on 2>/dev/null; then
        echo "✅ Stealth mode enabled"
        log_action "Stealth mode enabled"
        audit_log "STEALTH_MODE" "ENABLED" "Device hidden from network scans"
    else
        echo "❌ Failed to enable stealth mode"
        log_action "FAILED: Stealth mode enable"
    fi
}

# Enable firewall logging
enable_firewall_logging() {
    echo "=== Enabling Firewall Logging ==="
    
    if sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setloggingmode on 2>/dev/null; then
        echo "✅ Firewall logging enabled"
        log_action "Firewall logging enabled"
        audit_log "LOGGING" "ENABLED" "All firewall events will be logged"
    else
        echo "❌ Failed to enable firewall logging"
        log_action "FAILED: Firewall logging enable"
    fi
}

# Configure application rules
configure_application_rules() {
    echo "=== Configuring Application Rules ==="
    
    # Essential system applications
    local essential_apps=(
        "/System/Library/CoreServices/Software Update.app"
        "/usr/sbin/sshd"
        "/usr/bin/ssh"
        "/Applications/App Store.app"
    )
    
    # Add and allow essential applications
    for app in "${essential_apps[@]}"; do
        if [[ -e "$app" ]]; then
            sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --add "$app" 2>/dev/null
            sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --unblock "$app" 2>/dev/null
            echo "✅ Allowed: $(basename "$app")"
        fi
    done
    
    # Block known problematic applications
    local blocked_apps=(
        "/Applications/BitTorrent.app"
        "/Applications/P2P Client.app"
    )
    
    for app in "${blocked_apps[@]}"; do
        if [[ -e "$app" ]]; then
            sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --add "$app" 2>/dev/null
            sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --block "$app" 2>/dev/null
            echo "🚫 Blocked: $(basename "$app")"
        fi
    done
    
    log_action "Application firewall rules configured"
}

# Disable firewall (with safety checks)
enterprise_firewall_disable() {
    local force="${1:-false}"
    local reason="$2"
    
    echo "=== Disabling Enterprise Firewall ==="
    
    if [[ "$force" != "true" ]]; then
        echo "⚠️  WARNING: Disabling firewall will reduce security"
        echo "Use 'force' parameter to override this warning"
        
        if [[ -z "$reason" ]]; then
            echo "❌ Reason required for firewall disable operation"
            return 1
        fi
    fi
    
    # Log the disable action
    log_action "SECURITY WARNING: Firewall being disabled - Reason: ${reason:-Manual override}"
    audit_log "FIREWALL_DISABLE" "INITIATED" "Reason: ${reason:-Manual override}"
    
    # Disable global firewall
    if sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/com.apple.alf globalstate -int 0; then
        echo "✅ Global firewall disabled"
        audit_log "FIREWALL_DISABLE" "SUCCESS" "Global firewall deactivated"
        
        # Schedule re-enable if temporary
        if [[ "$reason" == *"temporary"* || "$reason" == *"maintenance"* ]]; then
            schedule_firewall_renable
        fi
        
        return 0
    else
        echo "❌ Failed to disable global firewall"
        audit_log "FIREWALL_DISABLE" "FAILED" "Global firewall deactivation failed"
        return 1
    fi
}

# Schedule firewall re-enable
schedule_firewall_renable() {
    local renable_minutes="${1:-60}"  # Default 1 hour
    
    echo "🕒 Firewall will be automatically re-enabled in $renable_minutes minutes"
    
    # Create background job to re-enable firewall
    (
        sleep $((renable_minutes * 60))
        log_action "Auto re-enabling firewall after maintenance window"
        enterprise_firewall_enable "corporate_standard"
    ) &
    
    local job_pid=$!
    echo "$job_pid" > "/tmp/macfleet_firewall_renable.pid"
    log_action "Firewall re-enable scheduled for $renable_minutes minutes (PID: $job_pid)"
}

# Check firewall compliance
check_firewall_compliance() {
    echo "=== Firewall Compliance Check ==="
    
    local compliance_issues=()
    local compliance_score=100
    
    # Check if firewall is enabled
    local firewall_state
    firewall_state=$(/usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --getglobalstate 2>/dev/null | grep -o "enabled\|disabled")
    
    if [[ "$firewall_state" != "enabled" ]]; then
        compliance_issues+=("Firewall not enabled")
        compliance_score=$((compliance_score - 30))
    fi
    
    # Check stealth mode
    if [[ "$STEALTH_MODE_ENABLED" == "true" ]]; then
        local stealth_state
        stealth_state=$(/usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --getstealthmode 2>/dev/null | grep -o "enabled\|disabled")
        
        if [[ "$stealth_state" != "enabled" ]]; then
            compliance_issues+=("Stealth mode not enabled")
            compliance_score=$((compliance_score - 15))
        fi
    fi
    
    # Check logging
    if [[ "$LOG_ALL_CONNECTIONS" == "true" ]]; then
        local logging_state
        logging_state=$(/usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --getloggingmode 2>/dev/null | grep -o "enabled\|disabled")
        
        if [[ "$logging_state" != "enabled" ]]; then
            compliance_issues+=("Firewall logging not enabled")
            compliance_score=$((compliance_score - 10))
        fi
    fi
    
    # Check for unauthorized applications
    local unauthorized_apps
    unauthorized_apps=$(/usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --listapps 2>/dev/null | grep -i "torrent\|p2p\|limewire" | wc -l)
    
    if [[ $unauthorized_apps -gt 0 ]]; then
        compliance_issues+=("Unauthorized applications detected: $unauthorized_apps")
        compliance_score=$((compliance_score - 20))
    fi
    
    # Report compliance status
    echo "Compliance Score: $compliance_score/100"
    
    if [[ ${#compliance_issues[@]} -eq 0 ]]; then
        echo "✅ Firewall configuration is compliant"
        audit_log "COMPLIANCE_CHECK" "PASSED" "Score: $compliance_score/100"
        return 0
    else
        echo "❌ Compliance issues found:"
        printf '  - %s\n' "${compliance_issues[@]}"
        audit_log "COMPLIANCE_CHECK" "FAILED" "Issues: ${#compliance_issues[@]} Score: $compliance_score/100"
        
        # Auto-remediate if enabled
        if [[ "$AUTO_ENABLE_ON_VIOLATION" == "true" ]]; then
            echo "🔧 Auto-remediation enabled, fixing issues..."
            enterprise_firewall_enable "$DEFAULT_SECURITY_PROFILE"
        fi
        
        return 1
    fi
}

# Monitor firewall events
monitor_firewall_events() {
    echo "=== Starting Firewall Event Monitoring ==="
    
    local log_file="/var/log/appfirewall.log"
    
    if [[ ! -f "$log_file" ]]; then
        echo "⚠️  Firewall log file not found. Enabling logging..."
        enable_firewall_logging
        sleep 2
    fi
    
    echo "Monitoring firewall events... Press Ctrl+C to stop"
    
    # Monitor firewall log in real-time
    tail -f "$log_file" 2>/dev/null | while read -r line; do
        if echo "$line" | grep -q "Deny\|Block"; then
            local app_name
            app_name=$(echo "$line" | awk '{print $8}' | cut -d'(' -f1)
            local action
            action=$(echo "$line" | awk '{print $6}')
            
            echo "🚫 $(date '+%H:%M:%S') - BLOCKED: $app_name ($action)"
            
            # Log security event
            log_action "SECURITY EVENT: $action - Application: $app_name"
            audit_log "FIREWALL_BLOCK" "DETECTED" "App: $app_name Action: $action"
            
            # Check for potential threats
            if echo "$app_name" | grep -i -E "(torrent|p2p|hack|crack|keygen)"; then
                echo "🚨 SECURITY ALERT: Potentially malicious application blocked: $app_name"
                log_action "SECURITY ALERT: Malicious app blocked - $app_name"
            fi
        fi
    done
}

# Generate firewall security report
generate_firewall_report() {
    local report_file="$RULES_DIR/firewall_report_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).json"
    
    echo "=== Generating Firewall Security Report ==="
    
    # Get current firewall status
    local firewall_enabled="false"
    local stealth_enabled="false"
    local logging_enabled="false"
    local block_all_enabled="false"
    
    if /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --getglobalstate 2>/dev/null | grep -q "enabled"; then
        firewall_enabled="true"
    fi
    
    if /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --getstealthmode 2>/dev/null | grep -q "enabled"; then
        stealth_enabled="true"
    fi
    
    if /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --getloggingmode 2>/dev/null | grep -q "enabled"; then
        logging_enabled="true"
    fi
    
    if /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --getblockall 2>/dev/null | grep -q "enabled"; then
        block_all_enabled="true"
    fi
    
    # Count allowed/blocked applications
    local total_apps=0
    local allowed_apps=0
    local blocked_apps=0
    
    if command -v /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw >/dev/null; then
        total_apps=$(/usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --listapps 2>/dev/null | grep -c "ALF" || echo 0)
        allowed_apps=$(/usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --listapps 2>/dev/null | grep -c "ALLOW" || echo 0)
        blocked_apps=$(/usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --listapps 2>/dev/null | grep -c "BLOCK" || echo 0)
    fi
    
    # Analyze recent security events
    local security_events=0
    local blocked_connections=0
    
    if [[ -f "/var/log/appfirewall.log" ]]; then
        security_events=$(grep -c "$(date '+%Y-%m-%d')" "/var/log/appfirewall.log" 2>/dev/null || echo 0)
        blocked_connections=$(grep -c "Deny\|Block" "/var/log/appfirewall.log" 2>/dev/null || echo 0)
    fi
    
    # Create JSON report
    cat > "$report_file" << EOF
{
  "report_type": "firewall_security",
  "timestamp": "$(date -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ)",
  "device_info": {
    "hostname": "$(hostname)",
    "os_version": "$(sw_vers -productVersion)",
    "serial_number": "$(system_profiler SPHardwareDataType | grep "Serial Number" | awk -F: '{print $2}' | xargs)"
  },
  "firewall_status": {
    "global_firewall_enabled": $firewall_enabled,
    "stealth_mode_enabled": $stealth_enabled,
    "logging_enabled": $logging_enabled,
    "block_all_incoming": $block_all_enabled
  },
  "application_rules": {
    "total_applications": $total_apps,
    "allowed_applications": $allowed_apps,
    "blocked_applications": $blocked_apps
  },
  "security_events": {
    "total_events_today": $security_events,
    "blocked_connections": $blocked_connections,
    "last_event": "$(tail -1 /var/log/appfirewall.log 2>/dev/null | awk '{print $1 " " $2 " " $3}' || echo 'N/A')"
  },
  "compliance_status": {
    "policy_compliant": $(check_firewall_compliance >/dev/null 2>&1 && echo true || echo false),
    "security_profile": "$DEFAULT_SECURITY_PROFILE",
    "auto_remediation": $AUTO_ENABLE_ON_VIOLATION
  },
  "recommendations": [
    $([ "$firewall_enabled" != "true" ] && echo '"Enable global firewall",' || echo "")
    $([ "$stealth_enabled" != "true" ] && echo '"Enable stealth mode",' || echo "")
    $([ "$logging_enabled" != "true" ] && echo '"Enable firewall logging",' || echo "")
    "Regular firewall rule review"
  ]
}
EOF
    
    echo "Firewall security report saved to: $report_file"
    log_action "Firewall security report generated: $report_file"
}

# Main function with argument handling
main() {
    log_action "=== MacFleet Firewall Management Tool Started ==="
    
    case "${1:-status}" in
        "enable")
            enterprise_firewall_enable "$2"
            ;;
        "disable")
            enterprise_firewall_disable "$2" "$3"
            ;;
        "status")
            get_firewall_status
            ;;
        "compliance")
            check_firewall_compliance
            ;;
        "monitor")
            monitor_firewall_events
            ;;
        "report")
            generate_firewall_report
            ;;
        "stealth")
            enable_stealth_mode
            ;;
        "logging")
            enable_firewall_logging
            ;;
        "profile")
            enterprise_firewall_enable "$2"
            ;;
        *)
            echo "MacFleet Enterprise Firewall Management Tool"
            echo "Usage: $0 [command] [options]"
            echo ""
            echo "Commands:"
            echo "  enable [profile]              - Enable firewall with security profile"
            echo "  disable [force] [reason]      - Disable firewall (requires reason)"
            echo "  status                        - Show current firewall status"
            echo "  compliance                    - Check firewall compliance"
            echo "  monitor                       - Monitor firewall events in real-time"
            echo "  report                        - Generate security report"
            echo "  stealth                       - Enable stealth mode"
            echo "  logging                       - Enable firewall logging"
            echo "  profile [name]                - Apply specific security profile"
            echo ""
            echo "Security Profiles:"
            echo "  corporate_high                - Maximum security for sensitive environments"
            echo "  corporate_standard            - Standard corporate security (default)"
            echo "  developer                     - Development-friendly settings"
            echo "  kiosk                         - Kiosk/public access security"
            ;;
    esac
    
    log_action "=== Firewall management operation completed ==="
}

# Execute main function
main "$@"

Advanced Firewall Management

Custom Firewall Rules Engine

#!/bin/bash

# Advanced firewall rules management
manage_custom_rules() {
    local action="$1"
    local rule_name="$2"
    local rule_definition="$3"
    
    echo "=== Custom Firewall Rules Management ==="
    
    local rules_file="$RULES_DIR/custom_rules.conf"
    
    case "$action" in
        "add")
            if [[ -z "$rule_name" || -z "$rule_definition" ]]; then
                echo "❌ Rule name and definition required"
                return 1
            fi
            
            # Add rule to configuration
            echo "$rule_name:$rule_definition" >> "$rules_file"
            echo "✅ Custom rule '$rule_name' added"
            log_action "Custom firewall rule added: $rule_name"
            
            # Apply rule immediately
            apply_custom_rule "$rule_definition"
            ;;
        "remove")
            if [[ -f "$rules_file" && -n "$rule_name" ]]; then
                grep -v "^$rule_name:" "$rules_file" > "$rules_file.tmp"
                mv "$rules_file.tmp" "$rules_file"
                echo "✅ Custom rule '$rule_name' removed"
                log_action "Custom firewall rule removed: $rule_name"
            else
                echo "❌ Rule '$rule_name' not found"
            fi
            ;;
        "list")
            if [[ -f "$rules_file" ]]; then
                echo "Custom firewall rules:"
                cat "$rules_file" | while IFS=':' read -r name definition; do
                    echo "  $name: $definition"
                done
            else
                echo "No custom rules configured"
            fi
            ;;
        "apply")
            apply_all_custom_rules
            ;;
        *)
            echo "Usage: manage_custom_rules [add|remove|list|apply] [rule_name] [definition]"
            ;;
    esac
}

# Apply custom firewall rule
apply_custom_rule() {
    local rule_definition="$1"
    
    # Parse rule definition and apply appropriate firewall command
    if echo "$rule_definition" | grep -q "block_app:"; then
        local app_path
        app_path=$(echo "$rule_definition" | cut -d':' -f2)
        sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --add "$app_path" 2>/dev/null
        sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --block "$app_path" 2>/dev/null
        echo "Applied block rule for: $app_path"
    elif echo "$rule_definition" | grep -q "allow_app:"; then
        local app_path
        app_path=$(echo "$rule_definition" | cut -d':' -f2)
        sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --add "$app_path" 2>/dev/null
        sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --unblock "$app_path" 2>/dev/null
        echo "Applied allow rule for: $app_path"
    fi
}

# Apply all custom rules
apply_all_custom_rules() {
    local rules_file="$RULES_DIR/custom_rules.conf"
    
    if [[ -f "$rules_file" ]]; then
        echo "Applying all custom firewall rules..."
        while IFS=':' read -r name definition; do
            if [[ -n "$name" && -n "$definition" ]]; then
                apply_custom_rule "$definition"
            fi
        done < "$rules_file"
        echo "✅ All custom rules applied"
    else
        echo "No custom rules to apply"
    fi
}

# Example custom rules
create_example_rules() {
    manage_custom_rules "add" "block_bittorrent" "block_app:/Applications/BitTorrent.app"
    manage_custom_rules "add" "allow_docker" "allow_app:/Applications/Docker.app"
    manage_custom_rules "add" "allow_ssh" "allow_app:/usr/bin/ssh"
}

create_example_rules

Network Threat Detection

#!/bin/bash

# Advanced threat detection for firewall
detect_network_threats() {
    echo "=== Network Threat Detection ==="
    
    local threat_indicators=()
    local risk_score=0
    
    # Check for suspicious network connections
    echo "Scanning for suspicious network activity..."
    
    # Check for unusual outbound connections
    local unusual_connections
    unusual_connections=$(netstat -an | grep ESTABLISHED | grep -E ":(6667|6697|1337|31337|4444)" | wc -l)
    
    if [[ $unusual_connections -gt 0 ]]; then
        threat_indicators+=("Suspicious outbound connections detected: $unusual_connections")
        risk_score=$((risk_score + 20))
    fi
    
    # Check for high-risk processes with network access
    local risky_processes=()
    while IFS= read -r line; do
        if echo "$line" | grep -i -E "(torrent|p2p|hack|crack|keygen|bot|trojan)"; then
            risky_processes+=("$line")
            risk_score=$((risk_score + 15))
        fi
    done < <(lsof -i -n | awk '{print $1}' | sort -u)
    
    if [[ ${#risky_processes[@]} -gt 0 ]]; then
        threat_indicators+=("High-risk processes with network access: ${#risky_processes[@]}")
    fi
    
    # Check for firewall bypass attempts
    local bypass_attempts
    bypass_attempts=$(grep -c "socketfilterfw" /var/log/system.log 2>/dev/null || echo 0)
    
    if [[ $bypass_attempts -gt 10 ]]; then
        threat_indicators+=("Potential firewall bypass attempts: $bypass_attempts")
        risk_score=$((risk_score + 25))
    fi
    
    # Report threat assessment
    echo "Threat Risk Score: $risk_score/100"
    
    if [[ ${#threat_indicators[@]} -eq 0 ]]; then
        echo "✅ No immediate threats detected"
        audit_log "THREAT_SCAN" "CLEAN" "Risk score: $risk_score"
        return 0
    else
        echo "⚠️  Potential threats detected:"
        printf '  - %s\n' "${threat_indicators[@]}"
        
        # Log security alert
        log_action "SECURITY ALERT: Network threats detected - Risk score: $risk_score"
        audit_log "THREAT_SCAN" "THREATS_FOUND" "Count: ${#threat_indicators[@]} Risk: $risk_score"
        
        # Auto-remediation for high-risk scenarios
        if [[ $risk_score -gt 50 ]]; then
            echo "🚨 High risk detected - Enabling maximum security profile"
            configure_high_security_profile
        fi
        
        return 1
    fi
}

# Automated threat response
automated_threat_response() {
    local threat_level="$1"
    local threat_type="$2"
    
    echo "=== Automated Threat Response ==="
    echo "Threat Level: $threat_level"
    echo "Threat Type: $threat_type"
    
    case "$threat_level" in
        "high")
            # Maximum security measures
            echo "Implementing high-security measures..."
            sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setblockall on 2>/dev/null
            enable_stealth_mode
            log_action "HIGH THREAT RESPONSE: Maximum security enabled"
            ;;
        "medium")
            # Enhanced monitoring
            echo "Enabling enhanced monitoring..."
            enable_firewall_logging
            log_action "MEDIUM THREAT RESPONSE: Enhanced monitoring enabled"
            ;;
        "low")
            # Standard monitoring
            echo "Maintaining standard security posture..."
            log_action "LOW THREAT RESPONSE: Standard monitoring maintained"
            ;;
        *)
            echo "Unknown threat level: $threat_level"
            ;;
    esac
    
    # Send alert if configured
    if [[ "$REAL_TIME_ALERTS" == "true" ]]; then
        send_security_alert "$threat_level" "$threat_type"
    fi
}

# Send security alert
send_security_alert() {
    local threat_level="$1"
    local threat_type="$2"
    
    local alert_message="SECURITY ALERT: $threat_level level $threat_type detected on $(hostname) at $(date)"
    
    # Log the alert
    log_action "SECURITY ALERT SENT: $alert_message"
    
    # In a real implementation, this would send alerts via:
    # - Email to security team
    # - SIEM integration
    # - Slack/Teams notification
    # - MDM console alert
    
    echo "🚨 Security alert sent: $alert_message"
}

# Example usage:
# detect_network_threats
# automated_threat_response "high" "malware_communication"

Monitoring and Compliance

Real-time Security Monitoring

#!/bin/bash

# Comprehensive firewall security monitoring
start_security_monitoring() {
    echo "=== Starting Real-time Security Monitoring ==="
    
    local monitor_pid_file="$RULES_DIR/security_monitor.pid"
    
    # Store monitor PID
    echo $$ > "$monitor_pid_file"
    
    echo "Security monitoring started (PID: $$)"
    
    # Cleanup function
    cleanup() {
        echo "Stopping security monitor..."
        rm -f "$monitor_pid_file"
        exit 0
    }
    
    trap cleanup SIGTERM SIGINT
    
    while true; do
        # Check firewall compliance every 5 minutes
        if ! check_firewall_compliance >/dev/null 2>&1; then
            echo "⚠️  Compliance violation detected at $(date)"
            
            if [[ "$AUTO_ENABLE_ON_VIOLATION" == "true" ]]; then
                echo "🔧 Auto-remediation triggered"
                enterprise_firewall_enable "$DEFAULT_SECURITY_PROFILE" >/dev/null 2>&1
            fi
        fi
        
        # Run threat detection every 10 minutes
        if [[ $(($(date +%s) % 600)) -eq 0 ]]; then
            detect_network_threats >/dev/null 2>&1
        fi
        
        # Check for firewall configuration changes
        local current_config_hash
        current_config_hash=$(md5 -q /Library/Preferences/com.apple.alf.plist 2>/dev/null || echo "")
        
        if [[ -f "$RULES_DIR/last_config_hash" ]]; then
            local last_hash
            last_hash=$(cat "$RULES_DIR/last_config_hash")
            
            if [[ "$current_config_hash" != "$last_hash" ]]; then
                echo "🔄 Firewall configuration changed at $(date)"
                log_action "Firewall configuration change detected"
                audit_log "CONFIG_CHANGE" "DETECTED" "Hash changed from $last_hash to $current_config_hash"
            fi
        fi
        
        echo "$current_config_hash" > "$RULES_DIR/last_config_hash"
        
        sleep 60  # Check every minute
    done
}

# Stop security monitoring
stop_security_monitoring() {
    local monitor_pid_file="$RULES_DIR/security_monitor.pid"
    
    if [[ -f "$monitor_pid_file" ]]; then
        local monitor_pid
        monitor_pid=$(cat "$monitor_pid_file")
        
        if kill -0 "$monitor_pid" 2>/dev/null; then
            kill "$monitor_pid"
            echo "Security monitor stopped (PID: $monitor_pid)"
            rm -f "$monitor_pid_file"
        else
            echo "Monitor process not found"
            rm -f "$monitor_pid_file"
        fi
    else
        echo "No monitor PID file found"
    fi
}

# Example usage:
# start_security_monitoring &
# stop_security_monitoring

Important Configuration Notes

macOS Firewall Architecture

• Application Firewall - Controls incoming connections per application
• Socket Filter Framework - Low-level packet filtering
• Network Extension Framework - Modern content filtering
• System Integrity Protection - Protects firewall configuration
• Privacy Controls - User consent for network access

Enterprise Integration Points

• MDM Configuration Profiles - Deploy firewall policies centrally
• SIEM Integration - Forward security logs to monitoring systems
• Compliance Frameworks - Support for SOC 2, ISO 27001, NIST
• Incident Response - Automated threat detection and response

Best Practices for Enterprise

1. Layered Security Approach

   • Combine application firewall with network segmentation
   • Implement endpoint detection and response (EDR)
   • Use network access control (NAC)
   • Deploy intrusion detection systems (IDS)

2. Policy Management

   • Define clear security baselines
   • Regularly review and update firewall rules
   • Implement change management processes
   • Test security policies regularly

3. Monitoring and Response

   • Enable comprehensive logging
   • Monitor for configuration changes
   • Implement automated threat detection
   • Establish incident response procedures

4. Compliance and Auditing

   • Generate regular compliance reports
   • Maintain audit trails
   • Document security exceptions
   • Conduct periodic security assessments

Troubleshooting Common Issues

• Permission errors - Ensure admin privileges for firewall modifications
• Application connectivity - Review firewall rules for blocked applications
• Performance impact - Monitor CPU usage with extensive logging enabled
• Configuration conflicts - Check for conflicting MDM profiles
• Log file growth - Implement log rotation and archival

Remember to test firewall configurations thoroughly in a controlled environment before deploying across your entire MacFleet to ensure business continuity while maintaining security.